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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="github crates-io docs-rs"><title>proc_macro2 - Rust</title><script>if(window.location.protocol!=="file:")document.head.insertAdjacentHTML("beforeend","SourceSerif4-Regular-6b053e98.ttf.woff2,FiraSans-Italic-81dc35de.woff2,FiraSans-Regular-0fe48ade.woff2,FiraSans-MediumItalic-ccf7e434.woff2,FiraSans-Medium-e1aa3f0a.woff2,SourceCodePro-Regular-8badfe75.ttf.woff2,SourceCodePro-Semibold-aa29a496.ttf.woff2".split(",").map(f=>`<link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2"href="../static.files/${f}">`).join(""))</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="../static.files/normalize-9960930a.css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../static.files/rustdoc-e56847b5.css"><meta name="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../" data-static-root-path="../static.files/" data-current-crate="proc_macro2" data-themes="" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.91.1 (ed61e7d7e 2025-11-07)" data-channel="1.91.1" data-search-js="search-e256b49e.js" data-stringdex-js="stringdex-c3e638e9.js" data-settings-js="settings-c38705f0.js" ><script src="../static.files/storage-e2aeef58.js"></script><script defer src="../crates.js"></script><script defer src="../static.files/main-6dc2a7f3.js"></script><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../static.files/noscript-263c88ec.css"></noscript><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../static.files/favicon-32x32-eab170b8.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="../static.files/favicon-044be391.svg"></head><body class="rustdoc mod crate"><!--[if lte IE 11]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><rustdoc-topbar><h2><a href="#">Crate proc_macro2</a></h2></rustdoc-topbar><nav class="sidebar"><div class="sidebar-crate"><h2><a href="../proc_macro2/index.html">proc_<wbr>macro2</a><span class="version">1.0.103</span></h2></div><div class="sidebar-elems"><ul class="block"><li><a id="all-types" href="all.html">All Items</a></li></ul><section id="rustdoc-toc"><h3><a href="#">Sections</a></h3><ul class="block top-toc"><li><a href="#usage" title="Usage">Usage</a></li><li><a href="#unstable-features" title="Unstable features">Unstable features</a></li><li><a href="#thread-safety" title="Thread-Safety">Thread-Safety</a></li></ul><h3><a href="#modules">Crate Items</a></h3><ul class="block"><li><a href="#modules" title="Modules">Modules</a></li><li><a href="#structs" title="Structs">Structs</a></li><li><a href="#enums" title="Enums">Enums</a></li></ul></section><div id="rustdoc-modnav"></div></div></nav><div class="sidebar-resizer" title="Drag to resize sidebar"></div><main><div class="width-limiter"><section id="main-content" class="content"><div class="main-heading"><h1>Crate <span>proc_<wbr>macro2</span> <button id="copy-path" title="Copy item path to clipboard">Copy item path</button></h1><rustdoc-toolbar></rustdoc-toolbar><span class="sub-heading"><a class="src" href="../src/proc_macro2/lib.rs.html#1-1495">Source</a> </span></div><details class="toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p><a href="https://github.com/dtolnay/proc-macro2"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/github-8da0cb?style=for-the-badge&labelColor=555555&logo=github" alt="github" /></a> <a href="https://crates.io/crates/proc-macro2"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/crates.io-fc8d62?style=for-the-badge&labelColor=555555&logo=rust" alt="crates-io" /></a> <a href="index.html" title="mod proc_macro2"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/docs.rs-66c2a5?style=for-the-badge&labelColor=555555&logo=docs.rs" alt="docs-rs" /></a></p>
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<br>
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<p>A wrapper around the procedural macro API of the compiler’s <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.91.1/proc_macro/index.html" title="mod proc_macro"><code>proc_macro</code></a>
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crate. This library serves two purposes:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>
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<p><strong>Bring proc-macro-like functionality to other contexts like build.rs and
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main.rs.</strong> Types from <code>proc_macro</code> are entirely specific to procedural
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macros and cannot ever exist in code outside of a procedural macro.
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Meanwhile <code>proc_macro2</code> types may exist anywhere including non-macro code.
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By developing foundational libraries like <a href="https://github.com/dtolnay/syn">syn</a> and <a href="https://github.com/dtolnay/quote">quote</a> against
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<code>proc_macro2</code> rather than <code>proc_macro</code>, the procedural macro ecosystem
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becomes easily applicable to many other use cases and we avoid
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reimplementing non-macro equivalents of those libraries.</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p><strong>Make procedural macros unit testable.</strong> As a consequence of being
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specific to procedural macros, nothing that uses <code>proc_macro</code> can be
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executed from a unit test. In order for helper libraries or components of
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a macro to be testable in isolation, they must be implemented using
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<code>proc_macro2</code>.</p>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<h2 id="usage"><a class="doc-anchor" href="#usage">§</a>Usage</h2>
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<p>The skeleton of a typical procedural macro typically looks like this:</p>
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<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered"><code><span class="kw">extern crate </span>proc_macro;
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<span class="attr">#[proc_macro_derive(MyDerive)]
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</span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>my_derive(input: proc_macro::TokenStream) -> proc_macro::TokenStream {
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<span class="kw">let </span>input = proc_macro2::TokenStream::from(input);
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<span class="kw">let </span>output: proc_macro2::TokenStream = {
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<span class="comment">/* transform input */
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</span>};
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proc_macro::TokenStream::from(output)
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}</code></pre></div>
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<p>If parsing with <a href="https://github.com/dtolnay/syn">Syn</a>, you’ll use <a href="https://docs.rs/syn/2.0/syn/macro.parse_macro_input.html"><code>parse_macro_input!</code></a> instead to
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propagate parse errors correctly back to the compiler when parsing fails.</p>
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<h2 id="unstable-features"><a class="doc-anchor" href="#unstable-features">§</a>Unstable features</h2>
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<p>The default feature set of proc-macro2 tracks the most recent stable
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compiler API. Functionality in <code>proc_macro</code> that is not yet stable is not
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exposed by proc-macro2 by default.</p>
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<p>To opt into the additional APIs available in the most recent nightly
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compiler, the <code>procmacro2_semver_exempt</code> config flag must be passed to
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rustc. We will polyfill those nightly-only APIs back to Rust 1.60.0. As
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these are unstable APIs that track the nightly compiler, minor versions of
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proc-macro2 may make breaking changes to them at any time.</p>
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<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="language-sh"><code>RUSTFLAGS='--cfg procmacro2_semver_exempt' cargo build</code></pre></div>
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<p>Note that this must not only be done for your crate, but for any crate that
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depends on your crate. This infectious nature is intentional, as it serves
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as a reminder that you are outside of the normal semver guarantees.</p>
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<p>Semver exempt methods are marked as such in the proc-macro2 documentation.</p>
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<h2 id="thread-safety"><a class="doc-anchor" href="#thread-safety">§</a>Thread-Safety</h2>
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<p>Most types in this crate are <code>!Sync</code> because the underlying compiler
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types make use of thread-local memory, meaning they cannot be accessed from
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a different thread.</p>
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</div></details><h2 id="modules" class="section-header">Modules<a href="#modules" class="anchor">§</a></h2><dl class="item-table"><dt><a class="mod" href="extra/index.html" title="mod proc_macro2::extra">extra</a></dt><dd>Items which do not have a correspondence to any API in the proc_macro crate,
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but are necessary to include in proc-macro2.</dd><dt><a class="mod" href="token_stream/index.html" title="mod proc_macro2::token_stream">token_<wbr>stream</a></dt><dd>Public implementation details for the <code>TokenStream</code> type, such as iterators.</dd></dl><h2 id="structs" class="section-header">Structs<a href="#structs" class="anchor">§</a></h2><dl class="item-table"><dt><a class="struct" href="struct.Group.html" title="struct proc_macro2::Group">Group</a></dt><dd>A delimited token stream.</dd><dt><a class="struct" href="struct.Ident.html" title="struct proc_macro2::Ident">Ident</a></dt><dd>A word of Rust code, which may be a keyword or legal variable name.</dd><dt><a class="struct" href="struct.LexError.html" title="struct proc_macro2::LexError">LexError</a></dt><dd>Error returned from <code>TokenStream::from_str</code>.</dd><dt><a class="struct" href="struct.Literal.html" title="struct proc_macro2::Literal">Literal</a></dt><dd>A literal string (<code>"hello"</code>), byte string (<code>b"hello"</code>), character (<code>'a'</code>),
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byte character (<code>b'a'</code>), an integer or floating point number with or without
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a suffix (<code>1</code>, <code>1u8</code>, <code>2.3</code>, <code>2.3f32</code>).</dd><dt><a class="struct" href="struct.Punct.html" title="struct proc_macro2::Punct">Punct</a></dt><dd>A <code>Punct</code> is a single punctuation character like <code>+</code>, <code>-</code> or <code>#</code>.</dd><dt><a class="struct" href="struct.Span.html" title="struct proc_macro2::Span">Span</a></dt><dd>A region of source code, along with macro expansion information.</dd><dt><a class="struct" href="struct.TokenStream.html" title="struct proc_macro2::TokenStream">Token<wbr>Stream</a></dt><dd>An abstract stream of tokens, or more concretely a sequence of token trees.</dd></dl><h2 id="enums" class="section-header">Enums<a href="#enums" class="anchor">§</a></h2><dl class="item-table"><dt><a class="enum" href="enum.Delimiter.html" title="enum proc_macro2::Delimiter">Delimiter</a></dt><dd>Describes how a sequence of token trees is delimited.</dd><dt><a class="enum" href="enum.Spacing.html" title="enum proc_macro2::Spacing">Spacing</a></dt><dd>Whether a <code>Punct</code> is followed immediately by another <code>Punct</code> or followed by
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another token or whitespace.</dd><dt><a class="enum" href="enum.TokenTree.html" title="enum proc_macro2::TokenTree">Token<wbr>Tree</a></dt><dd>A single token or a delimited sequence of token trees (e.g. <code>[1, (), ..]</code>).</dd></dl></section></div></main></body></html> |